Shiv-Vani Oil, targets 252, 256, 261, 271 support at 240 & resistance at 256.
Jain Irrigation, targets 378, 381, 386 support at 352 & resistance at 384.
KLG Systel , targets 298, 302 support at 288 & resistance at 304.
How Things Get Perfected Through Imperfection
- G S TRIPATHI
Swami Vivekananda would often say that nobody was perfect since we are all less or more imperfect. Perfection is a standard that all of us aspire for. In trying to achieve the 'impossible', in striving to be perfect, we become less imperfect. Perfection is always an assumption. So is the case with purity. It is difficult to find somebody who has shown cent per cent purity in thought and action, unsullied and perfect. So we need to come to terms with the fact that being imperfect or impure is the reality of nature. That we are imperfect by nature can be useful too, depending on the nature and degree of imperfection and how it is handled. Despite physical and mental imperfections, some people rose to great heights. Stephen Hawking acquired imperfection of body, by disease, but he is one of the greatest mathematicians today. Helen Keller made others respect disability. Scientists such as Einstein and Edison had imperfections in terms of learning disabilities at early stages of life. Franklin Roosevelt, despite his bodily imperfections, rose to become one of the greatest presidents of the USA. There are some parallels in science as to how imperfections in materials have given rise to new technology and knowledge. Of all kinds of solids, semiconductors constitute a very useful lot in the sense that these, more than any other type of solid, have contributed to modern electronics technology. Silicon is a popular semi-conductor. When silicon is doped with impurities like arsenic or boron, it becomes an impure semiconductor with more electrons or more holes respectively. Holes in electronics are treated as positively charged electrons. In the former case the semiconductor becomes n-type and in the latter, p-type. A junction of n-p-n or p-n-p semiconductors shows transistor action, the discovery of which has given birth to electronics technology. Alumina doped with impurities like chromium shows laser — light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation — action, which is another technological milestone. Ferromagnetic and ferroelectric materials show a pheno-menon called hysteresis that is used for making these materials as memory devices in computers and audio recording. Ferromagnetic materials are characterised by a parallel magnetic order below some characteristic temperature, while ferroelectrics have similarly-ordered electrical moments. Dislocations, which are one type of imperfections, are responsible for the hysteresis in these materials. Alloys are another kind of impure materials, which are more useful than the constituent pure materials. Qualities, which appear to be detrimental at first sight, sometimes turn out to be important in reality. Just as we succeed through failures, things get perfected through imperfections. Living beings evolved through imperfections. Efforts in the right direction can decrease the level of imperfection. Social order sets in passing through several stages of imperfections. While perfection is an unachievable end point, imperfection is the means with strong signatures of reality. Imperfection, which is considered as a negative aspect, could be converted into strength and made useful, as illustrated selectively, in both real life and matter. Perfection does not necessarily mean strength and stability; impurities often contribute to sturdy development of both mental and physical attributes — so let's make the most of imperfections.
The writer teaches physics at Berhampur University, Orissa.
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